Leaves

Sunn hemp

Kuttiram

1.Crotalaria juncea have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-diarrheal, anti ulcer, anti fertility and anti hyperlipidimic activities. 2.It is used as blood purifier, abortificient, astringent, demulcent, emetic, purgative and in the treatment of anaemia, impetigo, menorrhagia and psoriasis.

1. Riddelline (CID: 5281744) 2. seneciphylline (CID: 5281750) 3. senecionine (CID: 5280906) 4. trichodesmine (CID: 119040)

1.Al-Snafi, A. E. (2016). The contents and pharmacology of Crotalaria juncea-A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 6(6), 77-86.

root

Mango-ginger

1.The root contains an essential oil and pungent principles. 2. It strengthens the stomach and digestive system, is carminative and expectorant. 3.It is used internally to treat a wide range of digestive problems such as wind, stomach pain, bad breath, loss of appetite, hiccups, indigestion, colic and constipation. 4.It is also used internally in treating coughs and other chest complaints such as bronchitis. 5.The mashed or grated root is applied externally to the skin in the treatment of ulcers, bruises, wounds and sprains. 6.The biological activities of mango ginger include antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, anti-inflammatory activity, platelet aggregation inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, antiallergic activity, hypotriglyceridemic activity, brine-shrimp lethal activity, enterokinase inhibitory activity, CNS depressant and analgesic activity.

1.Starch() 2.Phenolic acids() 3.Volatile oils 4.Curcuminoids() 5.Difurocumenonol() 6.Amadannulen() and 7.Amadaldehyde()

1.Mujumdar, A. M., Naik, D. G., Dandge, C. N., & Puntambekar, H. M. (2000). Antiinflammatory activity of Curcuma amada Roxb. in albino rats. Indian journal of Pharmacology, 32(6), 375-377. 2.Policegoudra, R. S., Aradhya, S. M., & Singh, L. (2011). Mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.)?A promising spice for phytochemicals and biological activities. Journal of biosciences, 36(4), 739-748.

Rhizomes

Curcuma, turmeric

Manjal

1. It is used to treat loss of appetite, jaundice, liver problems, gall bladder disorders, and arthritis?

1. Curcumin (CID: 969516) 2. Demethoxycurcumin (CID: 5469424) 3. bis-demethoxycurcumin (CID: 5315472)

1.Usman, L. A., Hamid, A. A., George, O. C., Ameen, O. M., Muhammad, N. O., Zubair, M. F., & Lawal, A. (2009). Chemical composition of rhizome essential oil of Curcuma longa L. growing in North Central Nigeria. World J. Chem, 4(2), 178-181. 2.Eigner, D., & Scholz, D. (1999). Ferula asa-foetida and Curcuma longa in traditional medical treatment and diet in Nepal. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 67(1), 1-6.

leaves

aloe-leaved Cymbidium

1.It has anti-inflammatory, Antinociceptive and analgesic activities

1.Alkaloids 2.Tannins() 3.Flavonoids 4.Phenolic compounds 5.cyanogenic glycosides

1.Radhika, B., Murthy, J. V. V. S. N., & Grace, D. N. (2013). PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS & ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CLINICAL PATHOGENS OF MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT ORCHID CYMBIDIUM ALOIFOLIUM (L.) SW. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 4(10), 3925. 2.Juneja, R. K., Sharma, S. C., & Tandon, J. S. (1987). Two substituted bibenzyls and a dihydrophenanthrene from Cymbidium aloifolium. Phytochemistry, 26(4), 1123-1125.

bark,seeds

Takoli

Erigai

1. The sweet blackish pulp of the seedpod is used as a mild laxative. 2.The bark is astringent. 3.Seeds possesses good anti-inflammatory properties. 4.Seed oil is used in rheumatism. 5.The bark is used in dyspepsia.

1.Baptigenin () 2.isoflavone glycoside() 3.lanceolarin()

1.Vasudeva, N., Vats, M., Sharma, S. K., & Sardana, S. (2009). Chemistry and biological activities of the genus Dalbergia-A review. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 3(6), 307.

root, aerial parts

twin-flowered , Pontic daphne

1.The roots of D. pontica were reported to show significant anti-inflammatory activity. It has diuretic, diaphoretic, laxative, and wound healing properties. 2.Their use against abdominal or miscellaneous pains and indigestion is observed.

1. Limonene() 2.Nonanal() 3.Dihydroedulane II() 4.Linalool() 5.b-Caryophyllene() 6.b-Cyclocitral() 7.Calamenene()

1.Sanda, M. A., Zengin, G., Aktumsek, A., & Cakmak, Y. S. (2015). Evaluation of antioxidant potential of two Daphne species (D. gnidioides and D. pontica) from Turkey. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 27(6), 488. 2.Kumar, S., Bajwa, B. S., Kuldeep, S., & Kalia, A. N. (2013). Anti-inflammatory activity of herbal plants: A review. Int J Adv Pharm Biol Chem, 2(2), 272-281.

Leaves

Flame Tree

Mayaram

1. Treat constipation, inflammations, arthritis, hamiplagia.

1. beta-sitosterol (CID: 222284) 2. lupeol (CID: 259846) 3. Hentriacontane (CID: 12410) 4. hentriacontanol (CID: 68345) 5. oleanane (CID: 9548717) 6. ursane (CID: 9548870) 7. taraxastane (CID: 6429404) 8. ursolic acid (CID: 64945)

1.Shabir, G., Anwar, F., Sultana, B., Khalid, Z. M., Afzal, M., Khan, Q. M., & Ashrafuzzaman, M. (2011). Antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes and phenolics of different solvent extracts from leaves, flowers and bark of Gold Mohar [Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.]. Molecules, 16(9), 7302-7319. 2.Shewale, V. D., Deshmukh, T. A., Patil, L. S., & Patil, V. R. (2012). Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Delonix regia (Boj. Ex. Hook). Advances in pharmacological sciences, 2012.

the whole plant

Creeping tick trefoil, Three-flower beggarweed

Ciru Pullati, Sirupulladi, Sirupullati

1.The plant is antipyretic, antiseptic, expectorant. 2.A decoction is commonly used to treat diarrhoea and dysentery; and to quench thirst.3.A decoction is used as a mouthwash; and the crushed plant, or a poultice of the leaves, is applied externally on wounds, ulcers, and for skin problems in general.4.The whole plant is used medicinally for inducing sweat and promoting digestion

1.b-phenylamine (major) 2.indole-3-acetic acid() 3.tyramine() 4.trigonelline() 5.hypaphorine() its methyl ester 6.N, N-dimethyl tryptophan methyl ester() 7.S-l-stachydrine() 8.3, 4-di-hydroxy phenylethyl trimethyl ammonium cation() 9.choline() 10.betaine() 11.hypaphorine()

1.Lai, S. C., Peng, W. H., Huang, S. C., Ho, Y. L., Huang, T. H., Lai, Z. R., & Chang, Y. S. (2009). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract from Desmodium triflorum DC in mice. The American journal of Chinese medicine, 37(03), 573-588. 2.Lai, S. C., Ho, Y. L., Huang, S. C., Huang, T. H., Lai, Z. R., Wu, C. R., ... & Chang, Y. S. (2010). Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. The American journal of Chinese medicine, 38(02), 329-342.

Leaves

Elephant Apple

Uva

1. Leaves and bark are used as laxative. Different leaf extracts have anti-inflammatory activity. 2. Whole plant of D. indica is used in case of fever, as an aphrodisiac and also promotes virility; decoction of it can be used as an universal antidote. 3. Its roots as prophylactic in the cholera season, an ingredient of a medicine for burning sensation in the chest.

1. tannin (CID: 16129778) 2. dillenetin (CID: 5487855) 3. betulinic acid (CID: 64971) 4. rhamnetin (CID: 5281691) 5. lupeol(CID: 259846) 6. myricetin(CID: 5281672) 7. naringenin(CID: 932) 8. quercetin (CID: 5280343)

1.Abdille, M. H., Singh, R. P., Jayaprakasha, G. K., & Jena, B. S. (2005). Antioxidant activity of the extracts from Dillenia indica fruits. Food chemistry, 90(4), 891-896. 2.Kumar, S., Kumar, V., & Prakash, O. (2011). Microscopic evaluation and physiochemical analysis of Dillenia indica leaf. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 1(5), 337-340.

Leaves

Sneeze Wort, Cotton milk plant

koti-p-pala

1. Whole plant is useful in treating eye diseases. 2. Leaves are applied to boils and abscesses; leaves and fruits are employed in diabetes, toxiemia, bronchitis, fever etc. 3. Stem and root emetic, purgative, are employed in diabetes, leucorrhoea, asthma, cough, fever. 4. It is used to cure indigestion, dyspepsia, dysentery, diarrhoea, insomnia, dog bite, insect bite, tingling and numbness, and oedema. 5. It is used to treat arthritis, hemorrhagic shock, diabetes, hepatic injury, aging neuro degenerative diseases and carcinogenesis.

1. cysteine (CID: 5862) 2. tryptophan (CID: 6305) 3. phenyl alanine (CID: 6140) 4. aspartic acid (CID: 424) 5. alanine (CID: 602) 6. glycine (CID: 750) 7. Quercetin (CID: 5280343) 8. Lupeol (CID: 259846)

1.Biswas, M., Haldar, P. K., & Ghosh, A. K. (2010). Antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging effects of fruits of Dregea volubilis. Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine, 1(1), 29. 2.Sahu, N. P., Panda, N., Mandal, N. B., Banerjee, S., Koike, K., & Nikaido, T. (2002). Polyoxypregnane glycosides from the flowers of Dregea volubilis. Phytochemistry, 61(4), 383-388.