Plant Name:
Apium graveolens

Plant Part Used:
Seeds

Common Name:
Celery, Wild Celery

Tamil Name:
Ajmod

Medicinal Usage:
1. It is used to treat liver and spleen disorders, jaundice, rheumatism, gout, and inflammatory diseases.

Chemical Constituents:
1. Limonene (CID: 22311) 2. caryophyllene (CID: 5322111) 3. a-selinene (CID: 10856614) 4. n-butyl phthalide (CID: 3026) 5. sedanenolide (CID: 173843)

Reference:
1.Fazal, S. S., & Singla, R. K. (2012). Review on the pharmacognostical & pharmacological characterization of Apium graveolens Linn. Indo Global Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(1), 36-42. 2.Nagella, P., Ahmad, A., Kim, S. J., & Chung, I. M. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and larvicidal effects of essential oil from leaves of Apium graveolens. Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology, 34(2), 205-209.
Plant Name:
Argemone Mexicana L

Plant Part Used:
whole plant

Common Name:
Mexican Prickly Poppy

Tamil Name:
Birammathandu, kudiyotti

Medicinal Usage:
1. It is used to treat cough, asthma, phlegm in the throat, dysentery and rheumatism, injuries and bruises, burns, wounds, hemorrhoids, sore eyes.

Chemical Constituents:
1. Berberine (CID: 2353) 2. protopine (CID: 4970) 3. sanguinarine(CID: 5154) 4. Chelerythrine (CID: 2703) 5. aronttianamide (CID: 3085181) 6. dihydrocheilantifoline (CID: 3084708) 7. allocryptopine (CID: 98570) 8. Coptisine (CID: 72321) 9. jatrorrhizine (CID: 72323) 10. Columbamine (CID: 72310) 11. oxyberberine (CID: 11066)

Reference:
1.Apu, A. S., Al-Baizyd, A. H., Ara, F., Bhuyan, S. H., Matin, M., & Hossain, F. (2012). Phytochemical analysis and bioactivities of Argemone mexicana Linn. Leaves PharmacolOnLine, 3, 16-23. 2.Brahmachari, G., Gorai, D., & Roy, R. (2013). Argemone mexicana: chemical and pharmacological aspects. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 23(3), 559-567.
Plant Name:
Argyreia argentea

Plant Part Used:
aerial parts,flowers,stem bark

Common Name:

Tamil Name:

Medicinal Usage:
1. The plant has analgesic,anti-inflammatory.anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities.

Chemical Constituents:
1. n-hentriacontano(CID: 85891383) 2. friedelin( CID: 91472) 3.epifriedelinol(CID: 119242) 4.epifriedelinol acetate 5.nonacosanoic acid(CID: 20245) 6. ursolic acid(CID: 64945) 7.oleanolic acid( CID: 10494) 8. 6-methoxy-5,7,4?-trihydroxyflavone 9.lupeol (CID: 259846) 10.betulin( CID: 72326) 11. betulinic acid( CID: 64971) and 12.choline chloride(CID: 6209)

Reference:
1.Sheik, S. A. N. A., & Chandrashekhar, K. R. (2013). In vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiarthritic and phytochemical evaluation of Pscychotria flavida Talbot, an endemic plant of Western Ghats. Int. J. Pharm. Pharma. Sci, 5(1), 214-218.
Plant Name:
Argyreia speciosa

Plant Part Used:
Root

Common Name:
Elephant Creeper

Tamil Name:
katarpalai

Medicinal Usage:
1.It is useful in cardiac debility and obesity. 2. It is also prescribed for leucorrhoea, diabetes mellitus, infected wounds, syphilis, cough, bronchitis, pharyngitis and pulmonary tuberculosis. The root is used in gleet, gonorrhea, strangury and chronic ulcers.

Chemical Constituents:
1. p-hydroxycinnamate (CID: 637542) 2. scopoletin (CID: 637542) 3. coumarin (CID: 323)

Reference:
1.Modi, A. J., Khadabadi, S. S., Deokate, U. A., Farooqui, I. A., Deore, S. L., & Gangwani, M. R. (2010). Argyreia speciosa Linn. f.: phytochemistry, pharmacognosy and pharmacological studies. Journal of pharmacognosy and phytotherapy, 2(3), 34-42. 2.Galani, V. J., Patel, B. G., & Patel, N. B. (2010). Argyreia speciosa (Linn. f.) sweet: A comprehensive review. Pharmacognosy reviews, 4(8), 172.
Plant Name:
Aristolochia indica

Plant Part Used:
Root

Common Name:
Indian birthwort

Tamil Name:
Isvaramuli

Medicinal Usage:
1. Roots useful in ulcers, arthralgia, inflammations, leprosy, leucoderma, skin disease, dyspepsia; intestinal worms, colic, flatulence, strangury, cardiac debility, fever, intermittent fever, cough, catarrh, amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, dystocia, obdominal disorders in children and all types of poisonous bites & stings. 2. Leaves are used to treat cholera, bowel complaints, and intermittent fevers in children leave paste used in inflammations. Seeds used in inflammation, biliousness, dry cough, arthralgia and dyspnoea in children.

Chemical Constituents:
1. Aristolochic acid (CID: 2236) 2. Aristolic acid (CID: 119465) 3. Aristoloamide (CID: 53320351) 4. Methyl aristolochate (CID: 96709) 5. Ishwarane (CID: 14619932) 6. Aristolochene (CID: 656496) 7. Ishwarol (CID: 42608203) 8. Ledol (CID: 92812) 9. Ishwarone (CID: 15559789) 10. b sitosterol (CID: 222284) 11. stigmast-4-en-3-one (CID: 5484202) 12. ceryl alcohol (CID: 68171) 13. Allantoin (CID: 204) 14. d-camphor (CID: 159055)

Reference:
1.Kanjilal, P. B., Kotoky, R., & Couladis, M. (2009). Chemical Composition of the Stem Oil of Aristolochia indica L. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(1), 24-25. 2.Michl, J., Jennings, H. M., Kite, G. C., Ingrouille, M. J., Simmonds, M. S., & Heinrich, M. (2013). Is aristolochic acid nephropathy a widespread problem in developing countries?: A case study of Aristolochia indica L. in Bangladesh using an ethnobotanical?phytochemical approach. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 149(1), 235-244.
Plant Name:
Arnebia euchroma

Plant Part Used:
root

Common Name:
Pink Arnebia

Tamil Name:

Medicinal Usage:
1. The root is antipyretic, cancer, contraceptive, emollient and vulnerary. 2.It is used in the treatment of measles, mild constipation, burns, frostbite, eczema, dermatitis etc. 3.Experimentally it has shown contraceptive action on rats, inhibiting oestrus, the fertility rate and the release of pituitary gonadotrophin hormone and chorion gonadotrophin hormone.4. It inhibits the growth of cancer cells on the chorion membrane.5. The plant has anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activities.

Chemical Constituents:
1.Arnebiabinone, 2.Ethyl 9-(2',5'-dihydroxyphenyl) nonanoate, 3.Octyl ferulate

Reference:
1.Pirbalouti, A. G., Yousefi, M., Nazari, H., Karimi, I., & Koohpayeh, A. (2009). Evaluation of burn healing properties of Arnebia euchroma and Malva sylvestris. Electronic Journal of Biology, 5(3). 2.Xiao, Y., Wang, Y., Gao, S., Zhang, R., Ren, R., Li, N., & Zhang, H. (2011). Determination of the active constituents in Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. by ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B, 879(20), 1833-1838.
Plant Name:
Arnica montana

Plant Part Used:
Flower head

Common Name:
Leopard's Bane

Tamil Name:

Medicinal Usage:
1. Arnica Montana is used exclusively in tropical form for the results of accidents and injuries , such as haematomas , distortions, strains, bruises and fracture oedema. 2. Other uses include adjuvant treatment of chronic complaints such as rheumatism, arthritis, osteoarthritis and gout,as well as other joint and musle inflammations and back pain.

Chemical Constituents:
1. helenalin (CID: 23205) 2. dihydrohelenalin (CID: 3032910) 3. Arnifolin (CID: 44559333) 4. chamissonolide (CID: 10019140)

Reference:
1.Craciunescu, O., Constantin, D., Gaspar, A., Toma, L., Utoiu, E., & Moldovan, L. (2012). Evaluation of antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of Arnica montana L. and Artemisia absinthiumL. ethanolic extracts. Chemistry Central Journal, 6(1), 97. 2.Merfort, I. (1992). Caffeoylquinic acids from flowers of Arnica montana and Arnica chamissonis. Phytochemistry, 31(6), 2111-2113.
Plant Name:
Atalantia monophylla

Plant Part Used:
fruit

Common Name:
Indian Atalantia

Tamil Name:

Medicinal Usage:
1.A 'warm' oil obtained from the fruit is used in the treatment of chronic rheumatism.2.This almost certainly is an essential oil. 3.An oil of a pleasant odour is obtained from the fruit and used in the treatment of chronic rheumatism

Chemical Constituents:
1.Root bark: tetranortriterpenoid, atalantin, stigmasterol, xanthyletin, marmesin and sitosterol, two tetranortriterpenoids and a C-12 lactone along with copaene, a- trans-bergamotene, ?-bisabolene, d-a-bisabolol, auraptene, atalaphylline, N-methylatalaphylline, limonoids, atalantin, dehydroatalantin and cycloepiatalantin,acridone alkaloids, atalaphylline and its N-Me derivative; minor alkaloid N-Me-bicycloatalaphylline; acridone base atalaphylline; atalaphyllidine, atalaphylline-3-5-di-Me-ether.2. Leaves : friedelin and epifriedelanol and a mixture of stigmasterol and sitosterol; n-Bu-palmitate. 3.Heartwood : ?-sitostenone, ?-sitosterol, 10-nonacosanone, angelicin and psoralen, palmitic, stearic and arachidic acids. 4.Fruits : alkaloid severine

Reference:
1.Dreyer, D. L., Bennett, R. D., & Basa, S. C. (1976). Limonoids from Atalantia monophylla: Isolation and structure. Tetrahedron, 32(20), 2367-2373. 2.Talapatra, S. K., Bhattacharya, S., & Talapatra, B. (1970). Terpenoid and coumarin constituents of Atalantia monophylla Correa [leaves and bark. Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 47(6), 600-4. 3.Shringarpure, J. D., & Sabata, B. K. (1975). Chemical constituents of root bark of Atalantia monophylla Correa. Indian journal of chemistry.
Plant Name:
Azadirachta indica

Plant Part Used:
leaves

Common Name:
neem,nimtree,Indian lilac,Margosa Tree

Tamil Name:
Veppai, Veppa, Vembu, Sengumaru

Medicinal Usage:
1. It is anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-hyperglycemic and insecticidal in nature. 2.It is useful in hyperdipsia, intermittent and malarial fever.3.It is used in healing chronic wounds, diabetic foot and gangrene developing conditions. 4.It is used in case of leprosy, skin diseases, ulcers, burning sensation, fatigue and eczema.5.It is used in leucoderma, inflammations, amenorrhoea, lumbago and haemorrhoids. 6.It is also useful in vomiting, dyspepsia, intestinal worms and hepatopathy

Chemical Constituents:
1. nimbin, nimbinene, azadirachtin, azadirachtol, azadirachnol, desacetynimbinene, nimbandiol, nimbolide, quercetin, beta-sitosterol, n-hexacosanol, nimbiol and nimocin

Reference:
1.Galeane, M. C., Martins, C. H., Massuco, J., Bauab, T. I. M., & Sacramento, L. I. V. (2017). Phytochemical screening of Azadirachta indica A. Juss for antimicrobial activity. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 11(4), 117-122. 2.Susmitha, S., Vidyamol, K. K., Ranganayaki, P., & Vijayaragavan, R. (2013). Phytochemical extraction and antimicrobial properties of Azadirachta indica (Neem). Global Journal of Pharmacology, 7(3), 316-320.
Plant Name:
Baccharis incarum

Plant Part Used:
leaves,stems

Common Name:
lejia,tola,baila,buena

Tamil Name:

Medicinal Usage:
1.The infusion and decoction of the aerial parts of B. incarum are used in traditional medicine as an antiseptic and antipyretic, gastroprotective, digestive, anti-in?ammatory and to relieve muscle and bone pain. 2.The leaves and stems are macerated in ethanol for seven days and the solution is rubbed to relieve rheumatism and in?ammation. 3.Plant resin poultices are used in bruises and wounds and to consolidate luxations and broken bones

Chemical Constituents:
1.(3 ' , 4', 5,7-tetrahydroxyfavone, luteolin ), 2.(3 ', 4', 5,7-tetrahydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyfavone), 3.(3 ', 4', 5,7-tetrahydroxy-3,6,8-trimethoxyfavone), 4.(4 ', 5,7-trihydroxy-3', 3,6,8-tetramethoxybenzyl) , 5. 5-dihydroxy-3 ', 3,6,7,8-pentamethoxyfavone)

Reference:
1.Abad, M. J., & Bermejo, P. (2007). Baccharis (Compositae): a review update. Arkivoc, 7(7), 76-96. 2.ZAMPINI, I. C., ISLA, M. I., & Schmeda-Hirschmann, G. (2009). Antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from the infusion and methanolic extract of Baccharis incarum (Wedd.) Perkins. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 54(4), 477-481.